B-6- 2000 and 2010 Incoterms ©


In the not-so-distant past, countries had their own transport laws and litigation could quickly become drawn out and difficult to manage. With uniformity to guide transport logistics, contract litigation became less cumbersome when the international chamber of commerce created the Incoterms.

Incoterms is an abbreviation for "International Commercial terms." They each consist of three letters. There were 13 in 2000, and there are now 11.

Each of these Incoterms defines obligations for both the seller and the buyer. They are used by most countries, but not by the United States of America, which employs the Uniform Commercial Code, UCC, or "the American Incoterms."

Each Incoterm takes into account 13 criteria including insurance, packaging, main transport, loading and unloading costs, customs duties and importing and/or exporting fees. Each Incoterm letter is translated into English. Take for example, the Incoterm FOB: Free on board.

6-1- ESANDIS: an online training space dedicated to importing and exporting

For the first time, Esandis offers you free online training in both the 2000 and 2010 Incoterms. Esandis offers you the skills of an import or export manager. Our objective is to help you understand their importance. With Esandis you will be able to find partners, suppliers, customers and wholesalers in Europe.



Organizations adapt Incoterms to developments in the transport sector. With this perspective, they split the 2000 and the 2010 Incotems into two types, "main carriage unpaid" and "sales on arrival."

6-2- A brief history of the Incoterms

The history of the Incoterms is one of adapting to business practices and to the market economy. They are subject to change approximately every 10 years. There are 11 Incoterms as of the latest revision in 2010. There were 13 Incoterms in 2000. We offer a detailed account of the changes between the 2000 Incoterms and 2010 Incoterms.

6-3- How to implement the Incoterms

The contract (your pro forma invoice, or your terms of export sales) must specify which Incoterms, if choosing Incoterms, frames the contractual obligations for the international transaction. An understanding of the advantages (Incoterms Advantages), drawbacks (Incoterms drawbacks), and limitations is required in choosing Incoterms.

6-4- Variants and liner terms

We can therefore specify the Incoterms that offer flexibility. xxxxxx In addition to variants, the Liner terms should not be overlooked. They are closely linked to these variants. They deal with transport fees and onsite (port) handling.